Education is a continually developing activity, it shapes the way an individual develops their attitudes, thoughts and behavior. Education is not just about being literate but it is an overall development of the person in every aspect of their lives. A society's educational system can be greatly linked to its culture as the culture that one is in have an affect on the type of curriculum the institutions will develop in order to cater to every individual of that particular culture. Education moulds and shapes a society and it is influenced by the culture of the particular country or society. The educational system acts as a point of reference for the society's needs and demands. The principles that dominate this article is culture and education are interrelated and interconnected. Every educational paradigm is influenced by the culture of the society in which it operates. This essay underlines the extensive connection between culture and education. As a result, the goal of this essay is to depict these features from a Philosophical-Psychological Approach.

Clusters are geographically close groups of related companies or institutions related to a certain area which are inherently more efficient than the other companies due to advantages such as being located in one place, networks, external knowledge, variability of human capital, etc. Today, development through clusters plays a pivotal role in the economic and industrial policies of developed countries.Geographic concentration can potentially help small companies overcome limitations related to the size and improve technology development and abilities to compete in local and global markets.Therefore, the present study analyzes the tourism cluster in Mazandaran identifying its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Then, after mapping Pareto diagrams for each of the examined fields, the most important factors affecting the clusters have been identified and presented in the SWOT matrix. Finally, based on the findings appropriate strategies have been suggested for the development of tourist industry in Mazandaran.

Artifacts are ubiquitous and influential in our world, but their nature and existence are controversial. Several theories have been proposed to explain the ontology of artifacts. Drawing on Popper's theory of three worlds, this paper suggests a metaphysics for artifacts along the line of a critical rationalist (CR) approach. This theory distinguishes between three realms of reality: the physical world (World 1), the mental world (World 2), and the world of objective knowledge (World 3). The paper argues that artifacts have different ontological components that correspond to these three realms, and that each component is real and causal. The paper shows how this perspective can account for the intentional and functional aspects of artifacts, as well as their dependence on plans that influence different realms of reality. The paper explains how this pluralistic ontology, compared to the rival theories, enables one to explain the relevant ontological problems of artifacts. The paper also explores how this proposal can lead to a research program encompassing a broader range of technologies, such as social artifacts. In sum, the paper suggests that Popper's three worlds theory provides a rich and comprehensive framework for understanding the metaphysics of artifacts.

Introduction: Medical equipment replacement as one of the major principles of medical equipment management plays a sensitive and vital role in monitoring medical equipment in diagnosis, treatment and monitoring patients. In medical equipment replacement, we are aimed at adopting a policy in which, instead of using the equipment for a long time and with a higher maintenance cost, a suitable program for replacement the equipment is determined. The present study aims to present a decision-making system to facilitate the medical equipment replacement planning. Methods: The present study attempts to provide a solution to the medical equipment replacement program for the first time by providing a SWOT-ANP-WASPAS hybrid approach. In the proposed framework of the research, the SWOT matrix has been used to identify criteria, sub-criteria and strategic alternatives. Subsequently, ANP technique is used to weigh the criteria and sub-criteria. Strategic alternatives have been also weighted using the WASPAS method. Results: The proposed decision-making system attempts to increase the self-confidence of the decision makers and present sufficient supporting evidence in order to provide strategies for medical equipment replacement. This system allows the decision makers to understand the complex communications regarding decision-making better, which will increase the reliability of the corresponding decisions. Conclusion: The proposed hybrid approach can be integrated as a comprehensive decision-making system for medical equipment replacement in health centers and if the implementation of the formulated strategies and the sequence of their implementation is supported by managers, the costs of replacement will decrease and medical equipment technology will develop.

The problem of personal identity among others may stem from the following question—what does be the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist of? The diachronic problem of personal identity raises question on the necessary and sufficient conditions for the identity of the person over time. The synchronic problem is grounded in the question of what features or traits characterize a given person at one time. To answer these questions, John Locke discarded the soul and the body as necessary and sufficient substances for personal identity over time. He accepted consciousness as the only criterion for personal identity; the only thing capable of remaining the same and preserving personal identity through change. Though Locke’s argument is somewhat clear and coherent but what remains vague and incoherent is embedded in the question—what exactly is consciousness? How and why should it be the basis or criterion for the determination of personal identity? Using the method of critical analysis, I argue that Locke’s choice of consciousness as the determinant of personal identity, though quite novel, is incoherent and vague. Secondly, Locke had already presumed and anticipated clearly though fallaciously the very thing he wishes to substantiate. I therefore conclude that Locke’s argument is just another way of trying to escape but inadvertently prolonging the difficulty of apparently articulating a distinction between the psychological approach and physiological approach to the problem of personal identity. However, in my submission, I propose the concept of the “other” as alternative approach— a sort of an extrinsic-intrinsic approach to the problem of personal identity.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are among the primary concerns in internet security today. Machine learning can be exploited to detect such attacks. In this paper, a multi-layer perceptron model is proposed and implemented using deep machine learning to distinguish between malicious and normal traffic based on their behavioral patterns. The proposed model is trained and tested using the CICDDoS2019 dataset. To remove irrelevant and redundant data from the dataset and increase learning accuracy, feature selection is used to select and extract the most effective features that allow us to detect these attacks. Moreover, we use the grid search algorithm to acquire optimum values of the model’s hyperparameters among the parameters’ space. In addition, the sensitivity of accuracy of the model to variations of an input parameter is analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness of the presented model is validated in comparison with some state-of-the-art works.

In recent Years, using of strategic management is getting popular in various fields such as human resources and organizational Training and lots of firms are trying to find desired future and focus on that in order to make it possible to reach most of the goals. The purpose of this article is identification of training strategic plan of RAH ARTIN Company, by means of mixed research methods. Statistical population in qualitative part, line and staff managers, training experts and training manager was 35 persons which by using purposeful sampling 9 of them were selected as the board of strategic committee and 25 of them selected as members of executive team of training. Stakeholders are 90 persons that 70 of them according to Morgan tables were selected by simple random sampling. Means of gathering information in qualitative part was interview of focus group and in quantitative part was a questioner. And for analyzing data we used coding, kappa coefficient, AHP, and quantitative matrix of strategic planning. After coding the results of focus group from first question of research 10 main points were extracted and 3 of them were eliminated after kappa test. Moreover, results of second and third question indicate that opportunities are higher than threatens, and weaknesses are higher than strengths. This indicates that strategic position of training department of RAH ARTIN Company is located in WO’s area. According to the position which was formed from SWOT, 16 strategies were identified. And then after identification of attractiveness of each of them by using quantitative strategic planning matrix, 5 strategies “development of Training infrastructure of IT, ROI of training, Targeted job training, Targeted communication process and Improve the participation of experts within the organization” were selected by strategic and training strategic management executive committee and proposed for designing of operating plans.

Purpose: This study identifies the most important internal factors of strengths and Weaknesses, as well as the external factors of opportunities and threats in regards with privatization of the public libraries, and their readiness for privatization.Methodology: the factors and variables resulted from a literature review and several interviews with a group of experts in the field of library and information science. The researcher's observations were used to analyze the internal and external SWOT factors in regards with privatization in public libraries.Findings: Findings show that the public libraries under the study are quite ready for privatization both internally, and externally, provided that they take advantage of opportunities they have. The weighted sum of the strengths and weaknesses is 3.38, and the weighted sum of opportunities and threats is 3.47, both of which are greater than the cut point 2.50.Originality/Value: this seems to be the first attempt in SWOT analysis of public libraries in regards with privatization of these libraries.

This article introduces, analyzes, and criticizes the work of Lawrence M. Hinman, Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Hinman is a Philosopher of Ethics in the multimedia learning. He believes that multiculturalism is important factor of nowadays so the most important responsibility of philosophers of Ethics is prevention of moral conflict. The global communication and information in 21st century needs global tolerance and respect of various nations, cultures, and moralities together because different people and societies have a common human nature and common natural rights that obligate to justice and moral relationship between different people and various societies’ beliefs throughout the world. Moral communication in multiculturalism approach is against racial, gender, national, and ethnic prejudice. Hinman believes in moral dialogue and global learning across different cultures. The book of Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory has a proper category of new ethical problems, and the candid standpoint of author is considerable. He has a logical method, and in the end of every part of book there are some questions for evaluation of students learning. So this book is proper for the philosophy of ethics in universities.

The main aim of this study is to recognize and prioritize the effective factors of a SME’ s excellence. The research population consists of experts or Activists in ceramic and tile industry selected via purposeful conjecture based on judgmental sampling. The required data of this study were collected by two methods of library studies and survey studies. In order to identify strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing the ceramic tile industry in the Province of Yazd which leads to devising appropriate strategies for excellence of those businesses, data were collected by interviews and questionnaires and AHP techniques then were used to prioritize the obtained factors. The results showed that high technical power and high VAT of products are the main internal factors which affect organizational excellence of SMEs. Access to regional and potential markets of Iraq and Afghanistan is the most important opportunity and joining the WTO is the main threat affecting the excellence of small and medium businesses in the ceramic and tile industry of Yazd Province. Based on these results, the suggested strategy to achieve excellence of SMEs is WT strategy.